General Instruction:
All Questions are compulsory.
Question No. 1 to 4 carries one mark each.
Question No. 5 to 10 carry three marks each.
Question No. 11 and 12 carry five marks each.
- Give two factors that affect the climate of any place?
- What is extreme climate?
- Which force is responsible for deflection of winds towards the right in the Northern Hemisphere?
- From where the western cyclonic disturbance originate in winter?
- Why the houses in Rajasthan have thick wall and flat roofs?
- What are the factors which affect the climate of an area?
- How does the distance from sea affect the climate of an area?
- How does the latitude affect the climate of an area?
- How does the altitude affect the climate of an area?
- How does the pressure and winds affect the climate of an area?
- What ideas justify that precipitation varies from place to place and season to season in our country?
- Which parts of India receive heavy rainfall, moderate rainfall, low rainfall and scanty rainfall?
CBSE TEST PAPER-02
Class –IX Social Science (Climate)
[ANSWERS]
1) Latitude and Altitude are two factors that affect the climate of any place.
2) It means very hot during summers and very cold during winters is called extreme climate.
3) Carioles force is responsible for the deflection of winds towards the right in the Northern Hemisphere.
4) The western cyclonic disturbance originates in winter from the Mediterranean Sea.
5) a) The houses in Rajasthan have flat roofs and thick walls because of the harsh and extreme climatic conditions.
b) It is very hot in summer and very cold in winter.
c) The thick walls keep the houses cold in summer and hot during severe winters.
d) Such type of flat roofs and thick walls protect the people from extreme climate.
e) While the flat roof helps to retain the little water that comes as rain in the desert.
6) The factors which affect the climate of an area are as follows:
a) Latitude: The Indian landmass is equally divided by The Tropic of Cancer. Hence, half of India has a tropical climate and another half has a subtropical climate.
b) Altitude: While the average elevation in the coastal areas is about 30 meters, the average elevation in the north is about 6,000 meters. As we move higher it turns cooler.
c) Pressure and Wind system: The variations in air temperature control the pressure and wind system of a place.
d) Distance from the sea: As the distance from the sea increases the weather conditions become extreme.
e) Ocean currents: The water in the oceans is in constant motion, distributing heat around the world in regular patterns.
f) Relief features: Mountains often act as natural barriers for wind and moisture, affecting the climate of the areas around it.
7) a) The distance from the sea makes a great impact on the climate of an area.
b) Areas near the coast have moderate climates.
c) On the other hand areas far away from the sea have extreme climates.
d) The annual range of temperature at Mumbai is moderate whereas it may be very high in Delhi. i.e. in Mumbai during summers the temperature would be around 20° C but in Delhi, it would reach 40°C.
8) a) India’s climate has characteristics of Tropical as well as Subtropical climate due to the Tropic of Cancer which passes through the middle of the country from the Rann of Kuchchh in the west to Mizoram in the east.
b) Dividing the country almost into half, lying south of the Tropic of Cancer belongs to the Tropical area.
c) All the remaining area, North of the Tropic lies in the Subtropics.
9) a) There is about 6000 meters average height of the mountain of India, which lies to the North.
b) The coastal area of India has a maximum elevation of about 30 meters. Himalayas prevent the cold winds from central Asia from entering the subcontinent.
c) Due to these mountains the sub-continent experiences milder winters as compared to Central Asia.
10) The following atmospheric conditions govern the climate and associated weather conditions of India:
a) Pressure and surface winds: The Indian subcontinent lies in the region of northeasterly winds.
b) Upper air circulations: These winds originate from the subtropical high-pressure belt of the northern hemisphere.
c) Western cyclonic disturbances: These winds blow towards the south. They get deflected to the right due to the Coriolis force and then move towards the low-pressure area near the equator.
11) a) This variation can be observed in its amount and seasonal distribution.
b) While precipitation is found mostly in the forms of snowfall in the upper parts of The Himalayas, it rains over the rest of the country.
c) The annual precipitation varies from over 400 cm in Meghalaya to less than 10 cm in Ladakh and Western Rajasthan.
d) Our country mostly receives rainfall from June to September. But some parts of our country like the Tamil Nadu coast get most of its rain during October and November.
e) The rainfall decreases from east to west in Northern Plains.
12) a) Areas of Heavy Rainfall: Assam, the Ganga Delta, the Western Ghats, Western Coastal areas, and Mountainous regions of Himachal, etc receive high rainfall.
b) Areas of Moderate Rainfall: Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Chhotanagpur Plateau, West Bengal, Bihar, Eastern UP, North-eastern Punjab, eastern parts of Tamil Nadu, and Eastern slopes of Western Ghats.
c) Areas of low rainfall: The Deccan Plateau, western UP, South-eastern parts of Punjab, Eastern Rajasthan, and some parts of Kashmir.
d) Areas of Scanty Rainfall: Western Rajasthan, Kachchh, South-eastern parts Haryana, and north-eastern Kashmir
